According to the official definition, vehicles excluded from the CSL fall into the category of New Energy Vehicles (NEVs), which include:

1. Vehicles powered only by an electric motor using a rechargeable battery (i.e., EVs)
2. Vehicles powered by both an electric motor and a gasoline/diesel engine (i.e., PHEVs), provided they can travel at least 50 kilometers on electric power alone
3. Vehicles that generate electricity using hydrogen fuel cells, producing zero tailpipe emissions

Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) do not meet the NEV exemption criteria, as they are:

• Not fully electric
• Incapable of traveling 50 km on electric power alone

This means that popular hybrid models such as the Toyota Corolla Cross, Haval H6 HEV, Jolion Hybrid, Kia Sportage Hybrid, and Hyundai Elantra Hybrid are now subject to CSL based on their engine category — just like traditional ICE vehicles.